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The cruise
portion of a
flight usually
consists of
heading (direction
of flight) changes
only. Typically
a constant airspeed
(in Mach Number)
and altitude
will be maintained
until the aircraft
arrives near
the destination
and then enters
the descent
phase of flight.
For most
commercial passenger
aircraft, the
cruise phase
of flight is
where most of
its fuel is
burned. This
lightens the
aircraft considerably
and for minimum
fuel
consumption,
the aircraft
needs to cruise-climb
to higher altitudes.
For operational
and Air Traffic
Control reasons,
staying at the
Flight Level
it has been
allocated is
the most expedient
option. However,
on Long Haul
flights, the
aircraft may
climb from one
Flight Level
to a higher
one periodically,
to minimize
its fuel consumption.
Cruise is the
level portion
of aircraft
travel where
flight is
most fuel efficient.
It occurs between
ascent and descent
phases and is
usually the
majority of
a journey. Technically,
cruising consists
of heading (direction
of flight) changes
only at a constant
airspeed and
altitude. It
ends as the
aircraft approaches
the destination
where the descent
phase of flight
commences in
preparation
for landing.
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A cruise ship
is a passenger ship
used for pleasure voyages,
where the voyage itself
and the ship's amenities
are considered an essential
part
of the experience. The
first vessel built exclusively
for this purpose was
the Prinzessin Victoria
Luise, commissioned
by Albert Ballin, general
manager of Hamburg-America
Line. The ship was completed
in 1900.
Cruising has become
a major part of the
tourism industry, with
millions of passengers
each year as of 2006.
The industry's rapid
growth has seen nine
or more newly built
ships catering to a
North American clientele
added every year since
2001, as well as others
servicing European clientele.
Smaller markets such
as the Asia- Pacific
region are generally
serviced by older tonnage
displaced by new ships
introduced into the
high growth areas.
A cruise is a meeting
of car enthusiasts
in a predetermined location,
organised predominantly
through the internet
(in recent times) but
also through mobile
phone, word of mouth
or simply by a cruise
being established enough
that it becomes a regular
event.
There are 2 major types
of cruise, regular and
one off cruises.
A one off cruise is
an event organised by
a particular group of
people or club which
would usually be advertised
through cruise websites
with either a date and
place so people can
turn up at their own
leisure or convoy only
where only convoy leaders
know the location of
the cruise in an attempt
to keep the cruise unknown
to the police until
there are a large enough
number of people at
the cruise to make it
difficult to disperse.
One off cruises tend
to be larger than all
but the largest regular
cruises and often have
magazine attendance.
Recent examples of this
type of cruise are The
Full Monty cruise in
Sheffield and Bankrupt
cruise in Leeds. This
type of cruise is in
the ascendancy in recent
times due to increased
police interest in regular
cruises.
A cruise missile
is a guided missile
which uses a lifting
wing and most often
a jet propulsion system
to allow sustained flight.
A Cruise missile is,
in essence, a flying
bomb. They are generally
designed to carry a
large conventional or
nuclear warhead many
hundreds of miles with
excellent accuracy.
Modern cruise missiles
normally travel at supersonic
and at high subsonic
speeds, are self-navigating,
and fly in a non-ballistic
very low altitude trajectory
in order to avoid radar
detection.
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